26. The Laws of the Land (Romans 13:1-14)
What
is dual citizenship? Dual citizenship means that an individual is a
citizen of two countries at the same time. In America, dual citizenship
is not something that can be applied for. It occurs automatically for
some individuals. For example, if a child is born in the U.S. to foreign
parents, the child automatically has U.S. citizenship as well as
citizenship of the parents’ home country. Similarly, the Bible calls you
to dual citizenship. If you were born in the U.S. you are an American
citizen, but when you were born again you became heaven’s citizen. You
are responsible to live out both citizenships. The problem is some
Christians are prone to extremes: either focusing on their earthly
citizenship or their heavenly citizenship. Yet, Paul argues that both citizenships are essential since you have dual citizenship. In Rom 13:1-14 Paul instructs you in your obligations as an earthly and heavenly citizen.1
1. Submit To Government (13:1-7)2
God is glorified and His will is fulfilled when you submit to His governing authorities. In 13:1a Paul writes: “Every person is to be in subjection to the governing3 authorities.”4 The command begins with the words, “Every person” (pasa psuche lit. “every soul”).5 This includes believers and unbelievers, rich and poor, great and small, without exception.6 But Paul’s primary concern is that believers “submit” to governing authorities. The verb “submit” (hupotasso)7 means “to place oneself under.”8
After reading this blanket command, some look for exceptions. However,
here Paul provides the general rule, not the exceptions. Of course,
there are at least three areas in which a Christian should resist
authority: (1) If he or she is asked to violate a command of God.9 (2) If he or she is asked to commit an immoral or unethical act. (3) If he or she is asked to go against his/her conscience.10
But when a believer resists authority he/she must be willing to accept
the consequences (see 13:2). Submission is never easy and frequently
there are grave ethical dilemmas.11
Fortunately, in 13:1b Paul gives the first reason you must submit to government. He writes, “For there is no authority except from12 God, and those which exist are established by God.”13 This is the first of four uses of the word “authority” (exousia), which means “delegated authority.”14
Paul’s entire argument is based upon a fundamental premise: God is
sovereign and He possesses ultimate authority. However, no one has
authority independent of God. (Underline the word “no” in 13:1b).15 He alone delegates human authority to people. This means that every government
is to be acknowledged and obeyed by virtue of its existence, not
because it meets your preferences. The term that is translated
“established” or “ordained” (tetagmenai from tasso)16
is in the perfect tense, referring to a past action with continuous
results. Paul means that all governments (past, present, and future)
that exist are ordained by God, whether good or bad.17
Now perhaps you are asking the question, “What about Hitler, Stalin, and Hussein? Did God ‘ordain’ these authorities?”18 The Scriptures teach an interesting paradox: on one hand, Satan is actively involved in the political process (Luke 4:6-7).
The book of Daniel teaches that there are wicked spirits who are
assigned to various leaders. Yet at the same time, the Bible clearly
teaches that God rules in the affairs of men. In Psalm 75:6-7
Asaph says: “For not from the east, nor from the west, nor from the
desert comes exaltation; but God is the Judge; He puts down one and
exalts another.” Proverbs 21:1
says: “The king’s heart is like channels of water in the hand of the
LORD; He turns it wherever He wishes.” In other words, God is sovereign
over whoever is in authority. Remember, Nero was in power when Paul
wrote Rom 13. Nero
hated Christians, had them rounded up, dipped in tar, and lit as torches
for his parties. He covered Christians in animal skins and threw them
to wild dogs.19
He ordered Rome set on fire and then blamed the Christians, setting off
the first wave of official persecution. We’ve largely forgotten how
wicked pagan ancient Rome really was. Sorcery and black magic abounded,
abortion flourished, homosexuality was accepted as normal, and the
masses worshipped Caesar as Lord. No government in America has ever been
as pagan as the government of ancient Rome.
In 13:2 Paul shares the first consequence if you fail to submit to government. He writes, “Therefore whoever resists20 authority has opposed the ordinance21 of God; and they who have opposed will receive condemnation upon themselves.”
Paul is saying that when you resist government you are resisting God!
To put it positively, submission to government is an expression of your
submission to God. Therefore, whether you think a law is fair or not,
you have no right to disobey simply because of your preferences. If you
choose to disobey Paul states that you will receive condemnation upon
yourself. “Condemnation” (krima)22
or “judgment” refers to both God’s judgment and government’s judgment.
Government penalizes people for their wrongdoings. What government fails
to judge properly in this life, God will make right in the final
judgment.23 https://bible.org/seriespage/26-laws-land-romans-131-14
God is a God of principle, you must abide by his commandments, in order to receive your everlasting citizenship.
God bless you and work for a spiritual citizenship as much as you are working for you earthly citizenship.
God bless you be justify.
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